Native American Newsletter @ Buffalo Trails - Newsletter August 01, 1999

Free Native American Newsletter @ Buffalo Trails - Newsletter - August 01, 1999
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Featured Article
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What is a Tribe?
A tribe is an indigenous group of people who possess certain traits and characteristics that make it a unite it into a unique cultural, social, and political entity. The nature of what constitutes an Indian tribe and even the very nature of tribes have changed considerably, but certain characteristics have remained.
When Europeans first encountered the indigenous people of America, what bound the tribes together was probably more cultural than political. Tribes had common languages, customs, social organizations, and religious beliefs.
Europeans saw tribes much as they saw their own nations but, unlike European nations which were generally unified politically, North American tribes tended be less structured. Tribes were often (but not always) composed of generally autonomous and independent bands and villages. Although the people of these bands and villages shared common languages and cultures, the tribes seldom had permanent political structures that unified them throughout the year. Instead, there were mechanisms which brought together the people of different bands or villages for purposes, such as spring fishing , ceremonial and religious gatherings, and trade.

Through these gatherings, different bands and villages created bonds with one another which were necessary in hard times or which could be called upon for defense against a common foe. During the times when tribes came together, different structures operated to bring the people together, including councils of village or band chiefs who met together or ceremonial groups with members from all of the constituent bands or villages. At other times of the year, villages and bands were largely independent of one another. Many of these structures and organizations depended on whether the people were agricultural or whether they lived largely by hunting and gathering wild foods .

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Native American Recipe
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Pumpkin Fry Bread
Submitted by: Kim

1. - 2 cups self-rising flour, plus 1 to 2 cups for kneading
2. - 2 cups cooked, mashed, fresh pumpkin or 1 16-ounce can pumpkin
3. - 1 tablespoon warm milk or water
4. - 3/4 cup brown or white sugar
5. - Oil or shortening for frying
Place 2 cups of flour in a large mixing bowl. In another bowl, combine pumpkin, warm milk, and sugar. Make a well in the flour and pour in pumpkin mixture. Flour hands, and with the fingers and thumbs, gradually mix flour and pumpkin into a soft dough.
After mixing the dough, refrigerate for about 2 hours, then divide into portions that can be kneaded on a floured board and rolled into 2 1/2- by 8-inch cylinders. Wrap the dough in plastic wrap and refrigerate for up to one day before frying, or it may be frozen.
When ready to fry, slice the dough into 4 to 5 equal pieces. Flour hands and flatten each piece into a round about 4 inches in diameter and 1/4- to 1/2-inch thick. If frozen, allow rounds to come to room temperature before frying. Using four fingers, scoop up a portion of dough and roll into a smooth ball. On a floured surface, pat the ball into a round about 4 inches in diameter and not more than 1/2-inch thick.
Place oil in a deep fryer, or fill a well-seasoned cast iron skillet a little more than halfway with oil. Heat oil to 350 F. Carefully lower dough into oil and fry for 4 to 5 minutes, turning after 2 minutes, until bread is a rich golden brown on both sides. Drain on paper towels and serve immediately. If desired, serve with butter and honey or maple syrup, or sprinkle with powdered sugar. Makes about 20 servings.

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Native American Poem
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submitted by: unknown
Indian Summer In My Country

The trees dress in purple,brown and gold,
Painting a story that can't be told.
The skies and horizon seem more blue,
The morning glories shine in the brilliant dew.

The moon seems brighter, farther away,
Air is filled with the sweetness of hay.
Cotton grows white and the pickers race,
And old Jack Frost dons his chill white face.

The peaches have gone but red apples are here,
The hunters look for the quail and deer.
But the deer flees, and quick quails fly,
Rainbows touch the earth, adorn the sky.

Yellow goldenrod paints the highest hills,
Nature's panorama gives many more thrills.
For the Indians, I'm the drummer,
They sure know how to have a summer!

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An Indian Prayer
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submitted by: Karen Shaw
Apache Wedding Blessing

Now you will feel no rain,
for each of you will be shelter to the other.
Now you will feel no cold,
for each of you will be warmth to the other.
Now there is no loneliness for you,
Now there is no more loneliness.
Now you are two persons but
there is one life before you.
Go now to your dwelling place
to enter onto the days
of your togetherness.
And may your days be good
and long upon the earth.

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Native American Humor
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Author: unknown
There were three bums that stopped under a trestle to have a drink from
a bottle purchased with their last funds. There was an American black,
an American Indian and a Swede.

They observed a "Help Wanted" sign across the tracks.

The Black goes up to the foreman and asks for the job. The foreman says
"We don't hire Blacks here." So he returns to the trestle.

Next the Indian tries. He gets a similar response. The foreman says,
"We don't hire Indians here."

So, the Swede gives it a go. The foreman this time says, "Report for
work at 7:00 in the morning".

So, they all celebrate the good fortune by really hitting the bottle.
The Swede gets a little concerned that he might have trouble waking up
in the morning. So he asked the Indian to wake him in the morning and
proceeds to pass out.

The Black and the Indian decide to play a joke on the predigest foreman.
They take some charcoal from the fire and paint the Swede's face black.

The next morning the Indian wakes the Swede just in time to make it to
the job. When the Swede reports to the foreman, the foreman says, "Get
out of here. I told you yesterday we don't hire Blacks". The Swede is
very puzzled. As he is walking away he looks in a mirror and says "Oh!
That dumb Indian woke the wrong guy".

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